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kpathsea: Variable expansion

 
 5.3.2 Variable expansion
 ------------------------
 
 '$foo' or '${foo}' in a path element is replaced by (1) the value of an
 environment variable 'foo' (if defined); (2) the value of 'foo' from
 'texmf.cnf' (if defined); (3) the empty string.
 
    If the character after the '$' is alphanumeric or '_', the variable
 name consists of all consecutive such characters.  If the character
 after the '$' is a '{', the variable name consists of everything up to
 the next '}' (braces may not be nested around variable names).
 Otherwise, Kpathsea gives a warning and ignores the '$' and its
 following character.
 
    You must quote the $'s and braces as necessary for your shell.
 _Shell_ variable values cannot be seen by Kpathsea, i.e., ones defined
 by 'set' in C shells and without 'export' in Bourne shells.
 
    For example, given
      setenv tex /home/texmf
      setenv TEXINPUTS .:$tex:${tex}prev
 the final 'TEXINPUTS' path is the three directories:
      .:/home/texmf:/home/texmfprev
 
    The '.PROGNAME' suffix on variables and '_PROGNAME' on environment
 variable names are not implemented for general variable expansions.
 These are only recognized when search paths are initialized (⇒Path
 sources).
 
    Variable expansion is implemented in the source file
 'kpathsea/variable.c'.
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